The pattern depends on a specific asymmetry in reading practice. README text is prose, consumed linearly, fast, framed by author intent. Source code is mechanical; its behavior is the behavior regardless of comments or variable names. Attackers read source code for what it does. Defenders, journalists, incident responders, and other researchers often read the README first and the code not at all, because the code is long and the README is short and the researcher is credentialed.
When a PoC's README says "this does not perform X" but the code does perform X, the two readerships end up with different versions of what the vulnerability is. The attacker knows it is the full chain. The defender's threat model is bounded by the README. The detection engineering, the patch prioritization, the incident response runbook, all of these are built against the narrower description. Attackers are operating against the broader one.
The mechanism does not require malice from the researcher. The disclaimer may be an honest statement of intent, and the code may perform past that intent because of timing pressure, incomplete defanging, or overlap between legitimate test flows and weaponized flows. It may also be a deliberate hedge, where the researcher preserves the capability for their own use while satisfying the appearance of responsibility. The defender's exposure is the same either way. What matters is that the disclaimer and the code disagree, and the disagreement travels in the direction that benefits attackers.
Exhibits
CVE-2026-34621: Adobe Acrobat's Privilege Gate Inherits What It Checks. A PoC shipped with a prominent disclaimer about "not actually escalating privileges" and "intentionally defanged for responsibility reasons." The code, read against the disclaimer, performs the exact escalation the disclaimer claimed it omitted. The banner prints before the script parses its own arguments, asserting the safety claim before any defanging could even theoretically have occurred. The post walks through the specific mechanical behavior of the PoC, naming the stage that the disclaimer said was withheld and showing it running. The researcher's framing and the code's behavior are operating on different levels, and the defender who read only the README would have missed the primitive the attackers are using.